It is well known that the three steps (stages) are required for a great discovery (technology) to be recognized and accepted. During the first stage the opponents (science establishment, then the money seeding community) say that the discovery is crazy; later in the second stage they admit that the idea and an implementation are possible, but that this discovery is of no real importance; and the 3rd phase/stage realizes when adversaries start saying that the discovery is principal, but everybody has known of it and they particularly have been working on that right along (and for quite a time?).
Well, now as I know of, I.Catton - who was my collaborator and student on HSP-VAT in the 90s (still the boss and supporter in the lab), declares that he is the one of those who "started," "founded" the VAT!
This is the 3-rd stage of recognition according to great names of XIX-XX centuries, when specialists around are in a hurry to join the bandwagon. Good. Well, something will be coming soon of more size.
Prof. A.Nakayama is also suggesting his name as the person who developed the VAT. Well, we can state that he participated in 90s, is participating now in the one scale half-homogeneous modeling in porous media, started to work in medicine, but had never even written the scaled mathematical statements.
Right now in these notes below, we have written for the first time the state of the history on the subject of HSP-VAT (VAT).
As the response to the keynote talk by I.Catton in 2010 - "Conjugate Heat Transfer Within a Heterogeneous Hierarchical Structure" title of his keynote lecture at (IHTC-14) International Heat Transfer Conference, August 8 - 13, 2010, Washington D.C., USA, "Keynote Lectures at 2010 International Heat Transfer Conference (IHTC-14)" we need to say some otherwise statements.
In his talk there are wordings - "In 1985, he began his work on Volume Averaging Theory (VAT) as a basis for dealing with transport in heterogeneous hierarchical media. This work culminated in a lengthy paper in Advances in Heat Transfer in 2001. This work has continued and now forms the basis for optimization of heat sinks and heat exchangers."
First of all - I.Catton could not start the VAT in 1985, as long as I came to the US in 1990, and that was me who named this discipline approximately in 1992-1994 as the VAT (Volume Averaging Theory).
Before that nobody, neither Whitaker, nor Slattery, nor W.Gray, nor Catton ever used the mathematics, physical concepts for heterogeneous (two scale at least) description of physical problems as the scaled ones, two scale at least, for heterogeneous media, for nonlinear fields, for turbulence, biology, medicine, other sciences, etc., etc.
Not talking on the coining of the field as the VAT.
Catton used to deal with the heat exchangers (HE) modeling for many years (and for Nuclear Power industry as well) before me, and never came to the idea of connecting HE modeling and design to the HSP-VAT, or VAT in the 90s. That was me, who brought all of that on HEs and other fields to the MAE department of UCLA in 1991 and later on performed the mathematical modeling and simulation in 1999-2002. Using students and collaborators from RF.
See on this in all my - "Fundamentals ......"
as well as in "Heat Exchangers, and in a few other sub-sections.
Regarding the "start" in 1985 - that was the start of porous media research by Catton in a completely orthodox way - the one scale homogeneous Darcy-Forchheimer type modeling governing equations, the papers on the topic Catton published with his active grad student J.Georgiadis in those few years before my arrival.
And only my active participation starting in 1991 (Georgiadis left to those days) turned table to the VAT agenda. I was writing during all the consecutive 11 years to the DOE and DOD, DARPA, corporate research quarters the proposals in the fields of Ht Fluid Mechanics, Ht Thermal Physics, that were the natural fields for the areas of interest at MAE, as well as for other physical sciences that only I had brought in as the Hierarchical, Heterogeneous (Hr, Ht) fields to the department, as the solid state, composites via HSP-VAT, electrodynamics, magnetism, acoustics, etc., etc. Have copies of those texts and scripts, if anyone would like to look at.
I.Catton for nearly three years tried to understand and participate in this new to him science. Before my work at MAE of UCLA, he spoke to Whitaker for a few occasions, and left the field unconvinced of its usefulness.
He told me himself on that - "too much of math and what is the goal, the purpose?"
It took me, as I said, nearly 3 years before I.Catton had acquired the basics of VAT (HSP-VAT) and began believing in that science (HSP-VAT), and consecutively our program manager of that time at DOE (O.Manly).
And especially, this is my guess, as he witnessed through the years the first of this kind the 2 scale exact solutions in Ht Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Physics which I had developed.
Some even with other collaborators from other countries - as Dr. V.Kushch, Dr. Y.Gordienko, Prof. E.Sergievsky, and other personalities, paying to them myself, not by UCLA in the 90s.
I.Catton knows on that.
All of this is in the websites, this one - web-1:
and in Russian - web-3: "http://www.travkin-hspt.narod.ru"
And finally for this short history remark, that was me, who wrote the full text of chapter in the book - Travkin, V.S. and Catton, I. Transport phenomena in heterogeneous media based on volume averaging theory// Advances in Heat Transfer, New York, Academic Press, Vol. 34, pp.1-144, (2001). I.Catton was just the minor contributor, co-author. He even rejected acceptance of the fee from the Avademic Press publishing house, because he knew who was the author. We were in good relationship at that time 98-2000, so he gave me his half-part payment.
At present times, it would be more modest of Catton and fair to write that he "had participated and supported the science of HSP-VAT," but not "started" or "invented," and that he was co-authoring the texts along the major contributor, but not authored or created.
Prof. I.Catton is the singular beneficiary of HSP-VAT before government agencies at present, because I am out of conventional scientific establishment. And this is not good. Not good for science of HSP-VAT, not good for me, and not good for I.Catton, because he makes on this path a mockery of himself, and he can not do innovations in this field without me - 12 years we worked together, I know what I am talking about. Nobody could work with Catton for so long.
And they (establishment) usually write all the benefits to themselves in similar situations. But not with me, with my state of affairs - I am too big fish for that kind of tricks with authorship. Nevertheless, we know the situation in general in the US universities, when the salary determines the "major" contributor. This rule is not always truthful, specifically when the lower compensation guy having done so many things in the field, that other one can not compete. And it reminds me vividly the USSR establishment.
It is true also, that he was following my directions from the 90s - 2002, in the HSP-VAT Optimization of HEs, etc. We have many papers written by me. Yes, there are some grad students, but texts, ideology, mathematics, physical models all were developed by me.
I was not the novice to that science in 90s. I had created many fields in HSP-VAT in the 80s, before arriving to the US, while continue developing HSP-VAT (in physics and math) and its applications in biology, medicine, for technologies, etc. Also in the Heat Exchangers scaled transport area as well.
It is interesting - What S.Whitaker, a real one of pioneers since 60s, thinks now on that? In the 90s he told me - that nobody in his department of Chemical Engineering at UC, Davis even understood what he was suggesting and studying. And this is about the really good application field for HSP-VAT such as chemical reactors modeling and design?
Even in the USSR people in science understood more on that - I had some collaborators and supporters even in the 80s.
Now, as I wrote here in this sub-section - "Global Financial Opportunities in Multiscale Technologies. Introduction,"
everyone, who is somehow familiar with the science of HSP-VAT and publishing close to HSP-VAT, is declaring himself as the "founder"!
Everyone who wants to know about priorities and Who is Who? in Hierarchical Scaled Physics and Technologies, just need to read and compare the bibliography of mine and Catton's (other major players) since the 1980s, including internet publications of exclusive texts, materials, web appearances, including papers written in Russian as well. The few papers of 80s and 90s after being laid down side by side will tell to specialist and to a student who is the founder of HSP-VAT (VAT). And who suggested to apply, developed the models and simulated the HSP-VAT application for HEs modeling and design.
We believe that the hierarchical scaled physics and technologies (HSP-VAT http://travkin-hspt.com) are the great new fields. At present, there are the only physics and technical applications based on HSP-VAT that can perform the tasks of scale models transform Bottom-Up (BU) and Top-Down (TD) and scaleportation of the fields and their characteristics. Until few years ago, and in some fields of physics and chemistry of near 10 years back, there was no even word on the multiscale problems - what is this?
The definitions, methods, mathematical procedures that appeared recently in physics, chemistry and technologies apart of HSP-VAT are the imitation of the multiscaling and are the evidences of the 3rd phase of HSP-VAT implementation.
We discussed that situation thoroughly regarding the few physical fields analysis in our websites -
At present time there is no other technical, business entity being able to perform engineering, scientific projects and services with this knowledge, expertise and know-how - "Accomplishments - Only the HSP-VAT Tools Have Made these Problems Solved "; "Announcements".
Now we have been observing the 3rd stage in a few areas of physics and technologies where the great discoveries (advancements) development are underway:
1) Regarding the polyscale (multiscale) physics we are now in the 3rd stage - in many fields workers began saying that they are a "long time" (?) developers of the kind of "multiscale" techniques, methods. In a few areas workers already developed pseudo-scaling mathematical procedures - "Who Are in the Continuum Mechanics Continuing to Dwell in an Ivory Tower? Who Tries to Re-Invent the Wheel? What Are the Damage and Financial Loss?"; "How not to Scale-Down...or -Up.. ..Analysis of Current Studies on Scaled, Collective Phenomena in Biology Fields Presented as the One-Scale Concepts". There are even appeared new multiscale journals and topical publications. In the meantime, that was not in any case, any mentioning of that technique near ten years ago, but only in the HSP-VAT.
2) Meanwhile, concerning the energy crisis that is related to the physics of electromagnetism - in it right now we are at the 3rd stage also. Many devices, magnetic motors presented by their inventors for testing, making public statements, etc. These devices are working prototypes. There was recently suggested for the first time the scaleportation electromagnetism theory (in HSP-VAT) - "Incompatibility of Maxwell-Lorentz Electrodynamics Equations at Atomic and Continuum Scales" to apply for the explanation and modeling of hidden "vacuum" energy generation capabilities; that is not seen while with the conventional Maxwell-Lorentz electrodynamics.
3) In the polyscale hierarchical biology we are in the 2nd stage of understanding by scientists, biologists, industry establishment; those communities do not object to polyscale linguistics and conceptual offerings - and they can not (they don't have qualifications good enough in physics and math) - "Analysis of Current Studies on Scaled Phenomena in Biology "; "BOTTOM-UP THEORETICAL, STRUCTURAL, CELLULAR BIOLOGY "MULTISCALING"", but continue to spend billions of dollars for conventional homogeneous biology methods based on conventional homogeneous biochemistry; biotechnologies almost exclusively are biochemical.
Nevertheless, encouraging sign is that biology and medicine are always following physics with applications of great advancements in it. Moreover, within biology and medicine there have been given birth to many new and complicated fields those can not fulfill their own promises just because the needed instruments from physics had not been delivered yet.
Examples are - the genetics that stuck with the statistical methods, the molecular cell biology that uses the obsolete chemistry tools and explanations, the chronic diseases drug design and development lasting by decades, etc.
4) That might be mentioned also, that there are exist numerous facts and even few theories on the subtle methods of effectual physical impact on biomedia, cells, organisms to gain specific goal of regeneration, reversible change, healing. So far all this is done on the base of qualitative or experimental methods along the no sound physical explanation, theory of quantitative character. It would be of great importance when the 2nd, at least, stage will come along with the quantitative physics and modeling methods that are of either Bottom-Up and/or Top-Down to study the reversible processes in biology, medicine.
We formulated plentiful of topics of polyscale, hierarchical needs (fields) for technologies that have being recognized and to some extent disclosed and discussed - more than 200 of multiscale topics and fields, as of 2010, that directly communicated and started within the HSP-VAT, in our websites and other publications.
At the meantime, there is no one other correct, quantitative example of the scaling technology in the world apart of more than >7 two-scale applications (problems) solved exactly with the HSP-VAT tools, methods those outlined in our hard copy publications, in internet in our websites and in the know-how procedures.
The most thought after and studied in other centers of VAT are the applications which pursue the half-way Bottom-Up (0.5 ↑) tasks of physical and mathematical statement. Which is the Upper scale (nonlocal) formulation of the scaled problem.
That means the formulation of a two-scale problem as the Upper scale one only precludes understanding and performance of the direct communication, scaleportation of the scale dependent physics, definitions, nomenclature, simulation, fields and characteristics in between the scales.
However, this is the sense of the whole HSP-VAT task and of technologies behind of it.