The Annals of Frontier and Exploratory Science

The Major Forces Have Been Missing From Governing Equations for Dynamics of Sub-atomic and Continuum Particles, Bodies in XVIII - XX

Vladi S. Travkin

Hierarchical Scaled Physics and Technologies (HSPT), Rheinbach, Germany, Denver, CO, USA

Following the foundations, theory and modeling [1-10,12-21] (should be considered as the prior, inseparable part of this manuscript) for HSP collective and singular particles Two-scale polyphase modeling governing statements as given in detail in

  • "What Classical Mechanics of XVIII Provided in XX Has Done Wrong to the Base of Mechanical Science Including the Classical Mechanics of Continuum Particles and Conventional Orthodox Homogeneous Particle Physics"

    we can continue with the teaching section that ought be used in classes on many parts of general physics, theoretical physics.

    What is the Difference and What Forces are Missing in Dynamics GE for a System of Sub-atomic Particles in the Two-scale Two-phase Problems?

    Comparing to equation (3) (see previous sub-section "What Classical Mechanics of XVIII Provided in XX Has Done Wrong to the Base of Mechanical Science Including the Classical Mechanics of Continuum Particles and Conventional Orthodox Homogeneous Particle Physics" ) one might calculate that totally 4 terms - 4 physical effects, are missing in (3), 3 terms in the left hand side of the equation and one term in the r.h.s.:

    1) the force induced by the moving particles collective bounding surface with the velocity MATH

    MATH

    2) The force induced by the penetration of aether (transition) through the particles collective interface surface

    MATH

    MATH

    where MATH is the infiltrate velocity of surrounding aether through the particle's interface surface $\partial S_{p1}$ (inside or outward);

    or when only by the moving particles bounding surface in a case that generally in the volume $\Delta \Omega $ the particles move without any infiltration through their surfaces, the velocity MATH Then,

    MATH

    Slip or Non-slip (Stick) BC ?

    Here we need to recognize that the Slip or Stick Boundary Condition on the surface $\partial S_{p1}$ is the different issue in comparison to the Continuum Mechanics Hydrodynamics Slip or Non-slip boundary condition.

    What is going on at the surface of a sub-atomic particle at present is the subject of study and of conjectural assertion, experiment.

    3) The force induced by the velocity nonuniformity (inhomogeneity) in the volume with the particles,

    MATH

    nonlinear fluctuations term.

    4) The force induced by the force on the interface surfaces of the sub-atomic particles in the REV volume $\Delta \Omega $ due to the interaction (flow around) of aether over the particles

    MATH

    or "friction" induced force.

    The following statement is the result of this development:

    1) Sub-atomic particles as the volumetric physical objects at the Two-scale deliberation, modeling and solution experience the additional dynamic forces that are not discovered in COHP, not known to COHP physicists, not explained in COHP monographs, textbooks, and not taught in COHP educational systems.

    These forces are the natural consequences in the Two-scale (at least) physics for the problems with the system of particles.

    Among these scaled forces at least 4 at the Upper scale are most simple to reveal while still are not known in COHP and cannot be included in the COHP governing modeling equations for dynamics of bunch of particles: MATH MATH MATH MATH

    This derivation is simply the blow to the recognized for > Two centuries the governing equations for a system of particles in a gaseous or fluid media.

    2) Could be mentioned here also that there are known today a few other particle momentum equations even in Quantum physics (most of them) with like additional terms for the "forces" in the right hand side of the equations. Those "forces" are the ad-hoc obtained "forces" [13,14].

    Thus, can be mentioned the equations in forms of Takabayasi and Shipov with the additional terms, others as well.

    All these equations are based on the false premises of collective interaction - none of these interactions are correctly derived in reality, but just proclaimed, and of Homogeneous averaging - actually none of averaging, of the point-mass-charge-spin objects (named particles) in some volumes in the space.

    That means the formulation and the additional terms are of not a physical sense. And actually the momentum equations are of the ad-hoc construction nature.

    Teaching Variants

    Instead of (3) - which is incorrect, lecturers, professors should be at least using the following Upper scale equation for collective dynamics of sub-atomic particles

    MATH

    MATH

    MATH

    where

    MATH

    Even simpler equation would be much more substantiated and easier for students to remember

    MATH

    MATH

    MATH

    and this equation gets the Two unknown in COHP and unused forces

    MATH

    and

    MATH

    What is the Difference and What Forces are Missing in Dynamics GE for a System of Continuum Particles as for the Centers of Mass in COHP and HSP in the Two-scale Two-phase Problems?

    Comparing to equation (3) (see previous sub-section ) one might calculate that totally 4 terms - 4 physical effects, are missing in (3) (see previous sub-section ), 3 terms in the left hand side of the equation and one term in the r.h.s.:

    1) the force induced by the moving particles collective bounding surface with the velocity MATH

    MATH

    2) The force induced by the penetration (transition) through the particle's interface surface

    MATH

    or by the moving bounding surface of particles when particles are moving themselves MATH Then,

    MATH

    3) The force induced by the velocity nonuniformity (inhomogeneity) in the volume with the particles,

    MATH

    nonlinear fluctuations term.

    4) The force induced by the force on the interface surfaces of the particles in the REV volume $\Delta \Omega $ due to the flow of surrounding fluid

    MATH

    MATH

    MATH

    MATH

    5) To this list of forces can be added the number of forces due to effects of aether itself acting within the same volume $\Delta \Omega $ over the sub-atomic objects within this volume.

    Some of these forces are corresponding to the above 4 forces in the equations of Dynamics for a System of Continuum Particles in the Two-scale Two-phase Problems.

    The following statement is the result of this development:

    There are at least 4 types of additional forces comparing to the list of known to COHP professionals that the system of particles of continuum size experiences during the movement.

    Among these 4 kind of forces at least 3 are not known in COHP (supposedly known to selected ones Gatekeepers, but anyway this is not taught in the universities because of vested reasons) and cannot be included in the COHP governing modeling equations for dynamics of bunch of particles: MATH MATH MATH

    It's a need for about a larger picture, field of this area to be mentioned - when the complexity and formulation of the tasks brings for consideration the flexible, deformable or fluid like matter, substance in particles, bodies. The more general depiction of polyphase movable media in fluid physics, materials science we outlined in [21] where given the number of incomplete or simply wrong methods and terms in governing equations used in COH physics for modeling processes in polyphase fluids or suspensions.

    CONCLUSION

    1) One of the many consequences of this wild and cr.... behavior of COH physics senior (upper) staff (more or less qualified staff) is that the known since XVIII century looking infallible postulates and equations of Newton "cannot" be corrected they are sure.

    2) Another is that anyway in the pretty important, critical technologies this the Physics 2 Polyphase Polyscale Polyphysics (3P) understanding and mathematics of governing equations will come and be used first.

    3) More serious consequence is that according to these dynamics equations Should be changed and many COHP sub-disciplines as - Classical Mechanics itself, particle physics (it is wrong and simplistic in many parts), nuclear physics, atomic physics, astrophysics, electrodynamics, theory of magnetism, gravidynamics, etc., etc.

    References:

    1. Travkin, V.S., Fundamentals of Hierarchical Scaled Physics (HSP-VAT). Description of Transport and Phenomena in Heterogeneous and Scaled Media http://travkin-hspt.com/fundament/index.htm. (2003)

    2. Travkin, V.S., and Catton, I., Transport Phenomena in Heterogeneous Media Based on Volume Averaging Theory, in Advances in Heat Transfer, Vol. 34, Academic Press, New York, pp. 1-144, (2001)

    3. Travkin, V.S., Continuum Mechanics of Heterogeneous (Ht) Media; Elasticity, Plasticity, http://travkin-hspt.com/elastic/index.htm, (2005)

    4. Travkin, V.S., and Catton, I., "Porous Media Transport Descriptions - Non-Local, Linear and Nonlinear Against Effective Thermal/Fluid Properties," in Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 76-77, pp. 389-443, (1998)

    5. Travkin, V.S., "Why is it Different from Homogeneous and other Theories and Methods of Heterogeneous Media Mechanics/(other Sciences) Description?" http://travkin-hspt.com/fundament/03.htm, (2002)

    6. Travkin, V.S., "Reductionism and/versus Holism in Physics and Biology - are Both Defective Concepts without Scaleportation," http://travkin-hspt.com/fundament/scaleport/scaleport.htm, (2004)

    7. Travkin, V.S., "Solid State Plasma Models," http://travkin-hspt.com/atom/01.htm, (2006)

    8. Travkin, V.S., What's Wrong with the Pseudo-Averaging Used in Textbooks on Atomic Physics and Electrodynamics for Maxwell-Heaviside-Lorentz Electromagnetism Equations, http://travkin-hspt.com/eldyn/maxdown/maxdown.htm, (2009)

    9. Travkin, V.S., Incompatibility of Maxwell-Lorentz Electrodynamics Equations at Atomic and Continuum Scales, http://travkin-hspt.com/eldyn/incompat/incompat.htm, (2009)

    10. Travkin, V.S., Electrodynamics 2 - Elements 3P (Polyphase-Polyscale-Polyphysics), http://travkin-hspt.com/eldyn2/index.htm, (2013)

    11. Bobrov, A.V.,, "The Interaction of Spin Fields - Fifth Fundamental Interaction. Pt.2," International Journal of Unconventional Science, Vol. 1, No.2, pp. 8-22, (2013)

    also at: http://www.unconv-science.org/n2/bobrov/; retrieved 08/29/2014

    12. Travkin, V.S. and Bolotina, N.N., "The Classical and Sub-Atomic Physics are the Same Physics," http://travkin-hspt.com/parphys/pdf/51_PrAtEd-QM-Ref-2HSPT.pdf, (2013)

    13. Travkin, V.S., Particle Physics - Heterogeneous Polyscale Collectively Interactive, http://travkin-hspt.com/parphys/index.htm, (2011)

    14. Travkin, V.S., Particle Physics (Particle Physics 2). Fundamentals, http://travkin-hspt.com/parphys2/index.htm, (2013)

    15. Travkin, V.S., Nuclear Physics Structured. Introduction, http://travkin-hspt.com/nuc/index.htm, (2006-2013)

    16. Travkin, V.S., Experimental Science in Heterogeneous Media, http://travkin-hspt.com/exscience/index.htm, (2005)

    17. Travkin, V.S., Statistical Mechanics Homogeneous for Point Particles. What Objects it Articulates? http://travkin-hspt.com/statmech/index.htm, (2014)

    18. Travkin, V.S., Solid State Polyscale Physics. Fundamentals, http://travkin-hspt.com/solphys/index.htm, (2014)

    19. Travkin, V.S., "Two-Scale Three-Phase Regular and Irregular Shape Charged Particles (Electrons, Photons) Movement in MHL Electromagnetic Fields in a Vacuum0 (Aether)," http://travkin-hspt.com/parphys2/abstracts/twoparticlesshort-ab.htm, (2013)

    20. Travkin, V.S. and Bolotina, N.N., "Two-Scale Two-Phase Formation of Charged 3D Continuum Particles - Sphere and Cube From Electrons in a Vacuum0 (Aether). An Example of Scaleportation of Charge from the Sub-Atomic to Continuum Charged Particles, Conventional MD Cannot be Applied," http://travkin-hspt.com/parphys2/abstracts/subtocontin-ab.htm, (2013)

    21. Travkin, V.S.,"Homogeneous Mathematical Schemes for Heterogeneous Multiphase Fluids - 14 Years After 1998 Analysis and Criticism, " http://travkin-hspt.com/fluid/homofluids2012/homofluids2012.htm, (2012)

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    "The Major Forces Have Been Missing From Governing Equations for Dynamics of Sub-atomic and Continuum Particles, Bodies in XVIII - XX."

    This is not the well known problem, but should be well known - still can not be resolved within the Homogeneous One-Scale General physics, Spinning physics, nuclear, particle and atomic physics, electromagnetism, Gravidynamics and astrophysics.

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